Understanding the Scope of the PCB assembly quote
A comprehensive PCB assembly quote should clearly outline all the services that are included. Key aspects to look for are:
PCB Fabrication
- What PCB materials and thicknesses are supported? (FR-4, Rogers, flex, rigid-flex, etc.)
- What PCB features and specifications can be accommodated? (layer count, smallest trace/space, hole sizes, surface finishes, etc.)
- Are prototypes offered? What are the NRE costs and lead times?
- What are the standard lead times for production orders?
PCB Assembly
- Is SMT, through-hole, or mixed assembly offered?
- What is the component placing capability? (package types, placement speed, etc.)
- Is AOI and X-ray inspection included for quality control?
- Are there any design for manufacturing (DFM) checks or guidelines provided?
Component Procurement
- Are components sourced by the supplier or are customer-supplied parts supported?
- How are long lead time and obsolete components handled?
- What is the component storage and moisture sensitivity level (MSL) management process?
- Are there any fees for components or kitting?
Box Build
- What level of mechatronic and electromechanical assembly is offered?
- Are custom enclosures and packaging supported?
- Is product testing, programming and configuration offered?
- What certifications and quality systems are in place? (ISO9001, ISO13485, etc.)
Evaluating PCB Assembly Quote Pricing
The pricing in a PCB assembly quote is based on many factors. When comparing quotes, consider:
PCB Fabrication Costs
PCB fabrication is typically priced based on the number of boards, board size, layer count, and required specifications. More complex PCBs with tight tolerances, high layer counts, and special materials will be more expensive.
| Complexity | Material | Layers | Typical Cost |
|---|---|---|---|
| Simple | FR-4 | 1-2 | $ |
| Moderate | FR-4 | 4-6 | $$ |
| High | FR-4 | 8+ | $$$ |
| Highest | Rogers | 8+ | $$$$ |
PCB Assembly Costs
Assembly costs depend on the component count, mix of SMT/through-hole, and any special handling requirements. Higher volume orders generally have a lower cost per unit. Be sure to consider:
- Cost of labor based on region
- NRE and setup fees
- Minimum order quantities
- Volume discounts
Component Costs
If not supplying your own components, the BOM cost will be a significant portion of the total quote. The supplier should detail:
- Unit cost for each component
- Any MOQ limitations or price breaks
- Handling fees and mark-ups
- Non-recurring engineering (NRE) charges
Shipping and Logistics Costs
Factor in shipping fees, duties, taxes, and any special packaging or handling requirements. Faster shipping methods will increase costs.
Assessing PCB Supplier Capabilities and Lead Times
Ensure the supplier has the technical capabilities to meet your specific PCB assembly requirements. Considerations include:
Technical Proficiency
- Experience with similar PCB designs and industries
- Ability to meet IPC Class 2 and 3 workmanship standards
- Engineering support and DFM guidance
Quality Management
- Documentation of processes and quality management system
- Automated inspection capabilities (AOI, X-ray, etc.)
- Certifications – ISO9001, IATF16949, ISO13485, AS9100, etc.
Testing Services
- In-circuit test (ICT), flying probe test
- Functional circuit testing
- Environmental testing – thermal cycling, vibration, burn-in
- Programming of firmware/software
Volume Capabilities
- NPI and prototyping services
- Volume production capacity
- Flexibility to scale based on demand
Lead Times
- Typical lead times for prototypes
- Production lead times
- Expedite options if needed
Evaluating the Complete Proposal and Supplier Fit
Look beyond just the technical aspects and pricing to gauge if the supplier will be a good fit. A strong contract manufacturer partner will provide added benefits such as:
Responsiveness and Communication
- Prompt responses to quote requests and technical questions
- Clear communication on order status and any issues that arise
- Dedicated program management
Design and Engineering Support
- DFM analysis and guidance
- Assistance with component selection and cost reduction
- PCB layout and design recommendations
Supply Chain Management
- Proactive multi-sourcing of components
- Pipeline inventory management
- Help navigating shortages and long lead times
Flexibility and Scalability
- Ability to support changes and ECOs
- Capacity to scale production as needed
- Support for configure-to-order and serialization
Value-Add Services
- Custom test development
- Box build and higher level assembly
- Firmware programming and configuration
- Direct order fulfillment and drop shipping
Frequently Asked Questions
What information is needed for an accurate PCB assembly quote?
To prepare a detailed PCB assembly quote, the supplier will typically require:
- Bill of Materials (BOM) with manufacturer part numbers
- PCB design files – Gerber files, ODB++, schematics
- Quantity required and target price
- Required delivery date
- Any special requirements – lead-free, HiRel components, testing, etc.
The more complete the information provided, the more accurate the quote will be. If the design is not yet final, the supplier can usually provide a budgetary estimate.
How long does it typically take to receive a PCB assembly quote?
The time to prepare a PCB assembly quote depends on the complexity of the design and the supplier’s responsiveness. Simple quotes can often be returned in 24-48 hours. More complex designs may take longer if engineering review is required. Expect about 1-2 weeks for a complete and final quote.
What are the typical lead times for PCB assembly?
Standard lead times for PCB Prototype assembly are about 2-3 weeks, while production orders are typically 4-6 weeks. However, this can vary widely based on PCB complexity, parts availability, and the supplier’s capacity. Always confirm current lead times with your supplier, and plan for possible delays due to material shortages.
Are there any MOQ requirements for PCB assembly?
Many PCB assembly suppliers specializing in low-volume and prototypes have low or no minimum order quantity (MOQ) requirements. For higher volume production, MOQs may apply to get the best pricing. It’s also important to consider component MOQs that may exceed the assembly quantity.
How can I reduce my PCB assembly costs?
There are many ways to optimize your PCB assembly costs over the life cycle of the product:
- Design with DFM best practices in mind to improve yields and reliability
- Consider the total landed cost, not just the unit price
- Leverage standardized processes and materials where possible
- Avoid hard-to-find and expensive components
- Plan for alternate sources or drop-in replacements for critical components
- Order in economic quantities to get volume discounts
- Consolidate orders and leverage blanket POs
- Choose the right supplier that can scale with your needs over time
By evaluating PCB assembly quotes holistically and partnering with an experienced contract manufacturer, you’ll be well positioned for a successful outsourced manufacturing project.
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